Selection of Intravenous Fluids

Fluid resuscitation is one of the mainstays of shock management, and there has been tremendous interest in the choice of intravenous fluids. At present, isotonic crystalloid solutions are favored over colloid solutions. Among isotonic crystalloid solutions, 0.9% "normal" saline solution is perhaps the most widely prescribed medication in the United States. In clinical practice, the alternatives to 0.9% saline solution are balanced salt solutions that contain a physiologic amount of chloride and lactate or acetate as the base equivalent (Table 1).

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