Is Low-Dose Ketamine an Effective Alternative to Opioids for Acute Pain?

The search identified 237 unique citations, and 3 trials (N=261) met the inclusion criteria of the review. All studies reported mean numeric rating scale score and used a single dose of morphine at 0.1 mg/kg as the control. One study evaluated ketamine at 0.5 mg/kg in patients with long bone fractures. The other 2 trials used ketamine at 0.3 mg/kg and included patients with abdominal, flank, or musculoskeletal pain. Two trials reported mean pain scores at multiple points, up to 120 minutes, but only the results for the primary outcome of pain reduction at 10 minutes were pooled.

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