A glimpse into the future of clinical neurophysiology: Can we use machines to interpret EEG?

To help diagnose epilepsy, the clinical neurophysiologist reviews and analyzes EEG recordings, a subtle and time-consuming skill. Historically, researchers have improved this diagnostic process by identifying epileptiform markers and by automating their detection (e.g. Gibbs and Gibbs, 1952; Kellaway et al., 1959; Gotman and Gloor, 1976; Gotman, 1982). One recently developed approach that can extract and classify signal features is deep learning, an application based on artificial neural nets with the neural elements arranged in multiple layers.

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