Longitudinal study of radiation-induced brain microstructural alterations with S-index, a Diffusion MRI biomarker, and MR Spectroscopy

Cancer patients frequently suffer from cognitive impairments following brain radiotherapy. To monitor radiation-induced microstructural tissue damage, especially in neurogenic areas, we have investigated the potential of diffusion MRI and MR spectroscopy. The diffusion S-index calculated from diffusion MRI signal acquired at two optimized values of diffusion-weighting appeared as the most sensitive biomarker revealing subtle brain tissue alterations induced by ionizing radiation.

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