Congenital Pneumonia Owing to Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A 33-week-old gestational age male infant was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for severe respiratory distress syndrome. He was born vaginally after spontaneous preterm labor without maternal fever, genitourinary tract infection, or biological sign of infection. An initial absolute neutrophil count was 45 000/mm3 and C-reactive protein peaked at 44 mg/L on day 2 of life. The initial hemoglobin value was 100 g/L. He rapidly developed refractory hypoxemia with pulmonary arterial hypertension and hemodynamic failure that required high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, surfactant therapy, inhaled nitric oxide, red blood cells transfusion for neonatal anemia, hemodynamic support with volume expansion, and norepinephrine infusion.

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