In reply:

We thank Drs. Norii, Crandall, and Braude for their thoughtful comments suggesting that intraosseous access may be a proxy for longer time to return of spontaneous circulation compared with intravenous access.1 We have performed the suggested sensitivity analysis: we modified our multivariable logistic regression model to also include duration of out-of-hospital resuscitation among patients with return of spontaneous circulation or termination of resuscitation in the out-of-hospital setting (measured from the 911 call until either return of spontaneous circulation or termination of resuscitation, standardized data that were collected during clinical trials2) as one of the covariates.

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