Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: the never-ending story has come to a conclusion

In the late 1970s, during my fellowship in general surgery, my main scientific interest was the evaluation of the sphincter of Oddi status with intraoperative cholangiography during cholecystectomy. At that time, especially in Italy1 and in other locations, many cholecystectomies for gallstones were complemented by transduodenal sphincteroplasty whenever a dilatation of the common bile duct (CBD) or a tapering of the papillary contour was observed by intraoperative cholangiography. We assumed that these features were diagnostic for "papillitis," later more broadly renamed "sphincter of Oddi dysfunction" (SOD).

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