Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy and Second Cancer Risk in Adults

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been developed as an evolution of 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and was made possible by the enormous advances in the field of informatics and dose calculation algorithms (1, 2). Initially proposed by Brahme 30 years ago (3), IMRT has improved high-dose conformity around tumors with complex shapes, thus achieving maximal sparing of organs at risk. This "ideal" dose distribution can be achieved through an optimization process based on the definition of specific dose constraints for organs at risk and on the minimization of a so-called "cost function" (4).

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