DTC chemotherapy regimen is associated with higher incidence of premature ovarian failure in women of reproductive age with breast cancer

OBJECTIVE: Different chemotherapy regimens may contribute differently to the development of Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) in women of reproductive age with breast cancer. Here we evaluated how two different chemotherapy regimens, CAF (tegafur + pirarubicin + ifosfamide) and DTC (docetaxel + pirarubicin + ifosfamide), affect the development of POF.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled 164 women of reproductive age with breast cancer (mean ± SD age of 34.56 ± 9.48 years). The patients were divided into two groups, which were respectively treated with CAF (n = 89) or DTC (n = 75) chemotherapy regimen. Both study groups were comparable in all analyzed characteristics at baseline. Patients were treated with respective chemotherapy regimen for 6 months and followed up for over 12 months after completion of chemotherapy. Study outcomes were occurrence rates of POF, menstrual status and recovery after completion of chemotherapy, and serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and oestradiol (E2).

RESULTS: At 6 months after completion of chemotherapy, POF incidence rates were significantly lower in the CAF group. Furthermore, the proportion of patients with eumenorrhea, menstrual disorders or chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea in this study group was also significantly different from the DTC group. Similarly, adverse changes of serum levels of FSH, LH and E2 were less pronounced in the CAF group.

CONCLUSIONS: Both tested chemotherapy regimens can cause POF; however, adverse effects of DCT chemotherapy regimen on ovarian function are more pronounced than those by CAF chemotherapy regimen.

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