Patterns and predictors of end‐of‐life care in older patients with pancreatic cancer

Although hospice enrollment has increased among patients with PDAC, late enrollment still occurs in a substantial proportion of patients. In addition, patients receive high rates of aggressive end‐of‐life care. Further research is needed to determine effective ways of enhancing end‐of‐life care for patients with PDAC.

Abstract

Background

Little is known about end‐of‐life care among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare linked database to analyze patterns of hospice use and end‐of‐life treatment in patients with PDAC.

Methods

We included patients diagnosed with PDAC between 2000‐2011 and who had died by December 31, 2012. We assessed patterns of hospice use, chemotherapy receipt, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions at end‐of‐life. We used multivariable logistic regression to investigate predictors of end‐of‐life care.

Results

In our cohort of 16 309 patients, 70.5% enrolled in hospice, of which 29.1% enrolled in the last 7 days of life. Use of hospice increased over time, from 61.6% in 2000 to 77.5% in 2012 (P‐value for trend <0.0001). Among the entire cohort, 6.4% received chemotherapy within the last 14 days of life and 13.1% were admitted to the ICU within the last 30 days of life. Late ICU admissions increased over time, while chemotherapy receipt at the end‐of‐life decreased. Patients who were older, female, with higher SES, or from the South or Midwest were more likely to enroll in hospice. Those who were younger or male were more likely to receive chemotherapy or have an ICU admission at the end‐of‐life.

Conclusion

Although hospice enrollment has increased among patients with PDAC, late enrollment still occurs in a substantial proportion of patients. While chemotherapy at the end‐of‐life has decreased slightly, ICU admissions at the end‐of‐life have continued to increase. Further research is needed to determine effective ways of enhancing end‐of‐life care for patients with PDAC.

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