The study of exercise tests in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is the most common type of the paroxysmal movement disorders, which is characterized by transient and recurrent dystonic or choreoathetoid attacks triggered by sudden voluntary movements (Bruno, et al., 2004, Gardiner, et al., 2015). The knowledge of PKD has been accumulating recently; however, the underlying mechanisms remain mysterious. One hypothesis about PKD is that it could be a central nervous system ionic channelpathy (Bhatia, et al., 2000, Celesia 2001, Chen, et al., 2011), since the attacks are often responsive effectively to the ion channel blockers (Huang, et al., 2015).

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