Precision of perceived direction of gravity in partial bilateral vestibulopathy correlates with residual utricular function

Bilateral-vestibular deficiency (BVD) results from functional impairment of both vestibular organs, leading to gait unsteadiness in almost all patients (Zingler et al., 2007) and oscillopsia (illusionary movement of the visual surroundings during head movements) (Hain et al., 2013), which is found less consistently (from 44% (Zingler et al., 2007) to 97% (Black et al., 2004)). These complaints have been linked to a reduced angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR), which normally stabilizes gaze during head movements, and to impairment of the otolith organs (utriculus, sacculus), which are key for sensing linear acceleration and gravity (Schoene, 1964; Hain et al., 2013).

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