Efficacy of novel anti-staphylococcal ectolysin P128 in a rat model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia [PublishAheadOfPrint]

Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) causes systemic infections with high morbidity and mortality and emergence of drug resistance strains are a rapidly growing clinical concerns. Novel therapeutic agents are required to tackle S.aureus infections. P128 is a bacteriophage-derived chimeric ectolysin with potent and rapid bactericidal activity on S. aureus. In the current study, efficacy of P128 was evaluated in a newly-developed rat model of S. aureus bacteremia. Prior to in vivo testing, P128 was shown to be stable in whole blood by incubation in rat blood for up to 6 hrs and testing of its bactericidal activity against MRSA isolate USA 300. Rats succumbed to intravenous challenge with 10⁹ CFU of S. aureus USA300 resulting in 80 to 100% mortality by day 14. Evaluation of the bacterial load in various organs at 96 hours post-infection revealed high bacterial counts in the kidney, and this correlated with the presence of renal abscesses. Treatment of infected animals with P128 either by intravenous bolus administration via tail vein or by one-hour infusion via jugular vein 2 hours post-infection, resulted in dose-dependent survival of rats. P128 treatment also resulted in very few or no abscesses in the kidneys. These data show that P128 is stable in the physiological milieu and that intravenous treatment with P128 is highly effective in rescuing rats from S. aureus bacteremia. P128 can be a novel therapeutic option for treatment of S.aureus systemic infections.

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