Cognitive reserve modulates attention processes in healthy elderly and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: an event-related potential study

Cognitive reserve (CR) is a concept that was proposed to explain susceptibility heterogeneities of different individuals to cognitive impairment while confronting same neural pathology (Barulli et al., 2013). In addition, CR might be associated with lifetime intellectual activities and some other environmental factors including Intelligence Quotient (IQ), education, occupation level and participation in leisure activities, et al (Barulli et al., 2013). There is extensive epidemiological and experimental evidence to support the existence of CR: education, occupation level and participation in leisure activities have been demonstrated to be related to risk for developing dementia (Smith et al., 2010; Stern, 2012; Xu et al., 2015), cognitive impairment while aging (Barulli et al., 2013), and clinical changes in several other neurological and psychiatric disorders (Barnett et al., 2006; Sumowski et al., 2013; Hindle et al., 2014; Nunnari et al., 2014; Mathias et al., 2015).

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