Dilation of epidural space and posterior soft tissue veins in Hirayama disease

Description

An 18-year-old man presented with distal weakness and amyotrophy of the right hand for a few months. He had no familial or personal medical history. Clinical examination showed atrophy and a marked weakness of right hypothenar and interossei muscles (grade 1/5 on Medical Research Council scale) and a mild weakness of right thumb abduction and wrist extension (4/5). Biceps, brachioradial and triceps tendon reflexes were normal and symmetric. There were no fasciculation, sensory abnormality or pain. Motor nerve conduction studies showed a reduced amplitude of compound muscle action potential of the right ulnar nerve but normal parameters of left ulnar and two median nerves. No focal slowing or conduction block was found. Studies of bilateral median, ulnar and right medial antebrachial cutaneous sensory nerves were normal. Electromyographic examination found active denervation (fibrillation potentials and neurogenic recruitment) in right C8-T1 innervated muscles (abductor pollicis brevis, first dorsal interosseus, extensor...

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