Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations

Dennis R. Young, Elizabeth A. M. Searing, Cassady V. Brewer (Eds.): The Social Enterprise Zoo

Dey, Pascal & Steyaert, Chris (Ed.): Social Entrepreneurship. An Affirmative Critique. Cheltenham UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 2018, pp. 328, £85.50 (Hardback)

Dennis Young: Financing Nonprofits and Other Social Enterprises: A Benefits Approach

Bruce A. Seaman and Dennis R. Young: Handbook of Research on Nonprofit Economics and Management

Distinctions Between Non-profit, For-profit, and Public Providers: The Case of Multi-sector Rental Housing Abstract Although various organizational forms are involved in the critically important role of providing rental housing, little is known about their potentially distinctive characteristics. Calling upon unique data collected from landlords and tenants of for-profit, non-profit, and public rental housing in Canada (N = 5624 units; N = 492 tenants), we explore shelter costs paid by tenants, quality, and unit accessibility. Findings point to some unique features based on provider type: non-profits have lower shelter costs than for-profit units, and for-profit and public status are associated with lower odds of accessibility. Limited differences are found related to housing quality.

What Does China's Twin-Pillared NGO Funding Game Entail? Growing Diversity and Increasing Isomorphism Abstract Two trends are gaining prevalence across China: (1) NGO needs for funding in order to survive and (2) the transformation of the government and private foundations into major NGO donors. This study explores grassroots NGOs' experience with the government's purchase-of-services contracting and private foundations' grant schemes in Shanghai, Beijing and Sichuan. The research findings show that two opposite effects of the funding game are simultaneously felt: growing space for diversity and increasing isomorphic pressures. The two donor types have jointly created a result-driven and institutionalized environment in which NGOs easily lose sight of their missions and uniqueness. Nonetheless, despite finding their options extremely limited, NGOs adopt constantly evolving, multifaceted resource strategies.

Purpose, Commitment and Coordination Around Small Wins: A Proactive Approach to Governance in Integrated Hybrid Organizations Abstract Integrated hybrid organizations, for instance social enterprises that pursue both social and economic goals through a single activity, are seen by many as promising vehicles to create social value while remaining economically sustainable. At the same time, they are said to run the risk of mission drift—losing sight of their social mission while navigating market and political pressures. While organizational governance mechanisms that ensure the overall direction, control and accountability of the organization are considered key to avoiding mission drift, scholars have argued that traditional governance mechanisms may not work in the context of social enterprises. Drawing on the legacy of old institutional theory, this article proposes a proactive approach to governance in social enterprises. We complement and go beyond control and compliance approaches and introduce a governance approach focused on purpose, commitment and coordinating around small wins. We propose that these three interlocking governance mechanisms allow social enterprises to mitigate the risk of mission drift in a proactive rather than reactive manner.

Developing the Potential for Change: Challenging Power Through Social Entrepreneurship in the Netherlands Abstract Most research on social entrepreneurship overemphasizes agency by presenting social enterprising as something that originates solely from the intrinsic motivations of individual entrepreneurs. Research that does regard the impact of state power is almost exclusively anchored in and geared toward neoliberal policy contexts. This article examines the dialectics between state power and entrepreneurial counterpower in the institutional context of the Netherlands. Moreover, since social entrepreneurs develop different tactics and strategies for responding to challenges, we use Gaventa's power cube to distinguish forms of power and counterpower, which we then combine with the following inductively derived social entrepreneur typologies: successful hybrids, antagonistic organizers, and autonomous entrepreneurs. This offers insights into the development of theory in relation to the social entrepreneurial potential for change and civic participation.

Managing Organizational Paradoxes in Social Enterprises: Case Studies from the MENA Region Abstract This study aims to examine the question around how small- and medium-scale hybrid social enterprises within the context of the Middle East and North Africa manage paradoxical tensions they face in their everyday decision-making. By placing a lens on the unique hybrid processes facing organizational members rooted in traditional social and economic rationales, we seek to better understand the breadth of strategies adopted and their relevance to the specific contextual considerations of the study. Through analyzing five in-depth case studies from the region, the study aims to add insights on the practice of managing organizational paradoxes to maintain social-economic hybridity. We also introduce practical implications for managers and supporters of small- and medium-scale social enterprises.

Before Nonprofit Organisations Become Social Enterprises Abstract In the context of weak global economic growth, the transformation of nonprofit organisations (NPOs) into social enterprises is perceived as a critical process of social innovation and sustainable development. This study explored the antecedents and their influences on the social entrepreneurial intentions (SEIs) of NPO workers. Two sets of samples were collected through online surveys. First, 200 samples were used for exploratory factor analysis, and subsequently, 602 samples were used to establish a structural equation model. The results revealed that the involved antecedents partially influenced SEIs through social entrepreneurial (SE) creativity. The originality aspects of SE creativity demonstrated dominant positive effects on both the SE conviction and the SE preparation of SEIs, followed by cognitive empathy and bonding social capital. The stockholder perspective of social responsibility and affective empathy negatively affected both the conviction and preparation of SEIs. The stakeholder perspective of social responsibility and the usefulness aspect of SE creativity demonstrated minor positive effects on SE conviction. We suggest that NPO leaders keep an open mind to business strategies and focus on SE originality, cognitive empathy, and bonding social capital when developing talent for future achievement.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com