GI highlights from the literature

Basic scienceThe importance of the small bowel microbiota in nutrition

Martinez-Guryn K, Hubert N, Frazier K, et al. Small Intestine Microbiota Regulate Host Digestive and Absorptive Adaptive Responses to Dietary Lipids. Cell Host Microbe 2018 23:458–469.

The small intestine, a major site of nutrient digestion and absorption, harbours a complex array of microbes albeit less numerous and diverse than the large intestine. Studies interrogating the small intestinal microbiota in relation to caloric intake and the effect of dietary manipulation are limited. Microbial populations in the small intestine are subjected to a number of adverse environmental factors, including rapid transit time, low pH, bile acids and the presence of antimicrobial peptides. Bacterial populations which reside in the small intestine have been shown to be more tolerant of these factors. The impact of high-fat diet on small intestinal bacterial composition has not been assessed. Martinez-Guryn and colleagues demonstrated that...

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