Intraoperative cortico-cortical evoked potentials shows disconnection of the motor cortex from the epileptogenic network during subtotal hemispherotomy

Epileptic spasms (ES) are a unique seizure type, comprising of sudden tonic movements of predominantly proximal and truncal muscles. In the revised operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) (Fisher et al., 2017), ES are classified as into focal, generalized, and unknown onset categories. Iimura et al. reported that ten of 23 patients who underwent subtotal hemispherectomy or multilobar resection presented with ES (Iimura et al., 2017). They found extensively distributed interictal epileptogenic high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) which skipped the motor area.

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