We recently read with great interest a review by Adams et al1 showing that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a profound impact on the onset of extrahepatic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases. We fully agree with this conclusion, and the authors have fully elucidated the relationship between NAFLD and extrahepatic diseases. We think that hepatokines produced and secreted by liver may play a critical role in NAFLD-related extrahepatic diseases, which would deepen the understanding of this disease.
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a hepatokine that is mainly secreted by the liver, has beneficial effects for improving metabolic processes.2 It has been well recognised that FGF21 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanisms of NAFLD.3 Abnormality in FGF21 would prompt the development of NAFLD. Coincidentally, dysfunctional FGF21 in peripheral blood is highly associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.4 Given the...
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