Short-, medium-, and long-term assessment of pulmonary dysfunction in extremely low birth weight neonates

Keller et al1 demonstrated in their randomized controlled trial, the Trial of Late Surfactant (TOLSURF) that treatment of extremely low gestational age neonates with late surfactant in combination with inhaled nitric oxide decreased the use of home oxygen while no difference in the rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death at 36 weeks of gestational age was seen. The results presented indicate that measures other than BPD may be more valuable in assessing pulmonary function in this cohort (eg, home oxygen use).

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