Primary Conjunctival Myxoma. Case Series and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Aims

Myxomas are benign soft tissue tumors resembling primitive mesenchyme. They rarely involve ocular structures and have been recognized in conjunctiva, eyelids, cornea and orbit. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinicopathological features of 7 patients with primary conjunctival myxoma seen at Dr. Luis Sánchez Bulnes Hospital an ophthalmologic referral center in Mexico City.

Materials and Methods

We reviewed the clinical, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of patients with documented myxoma of the conjunctiva diagnosed in our hospital.

Results

Seven conjunctival myxomas were retrieved from 5,923 conjunctival biopsies (0.1%). Mean age of patients was 40 years with a range 27 to 51 years. Females were more frequently affected and none of our patients had systemic disease. The left eye was involved in 5 cases and most of the lesions were located in the bulbar conjunctiva. Histopathological examination revealed a benign tumour composed of spindle- and stellate-shaped cells immersed within an abundant mucinous matrix with sparse vessels and reticulin fibers. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for vimentin and negativity for smooth muscle actin, SOX10 and GLUT1 in myxoma cells of all cases. S-100 protein was found positive in 4 cases and muscle-specific-actin in 3 cases.

Conclusions

Conjunctival myxomas are uncommon tumors. For accurate diagnosis histopathological examination is mandatory. Treatment of choice is surgical removal and prognosis is excellent.

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