Vitality Measured as Self-reported Energy Level and Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients: The Japanese Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Pattern Study (J-DOPPS)

The infrequent assessment of vitality in clinical practice may be partially due to an inadequate understanding of vitality and the lack of a concise method of assessing it. This study aimed to examine the association of a simple 1-item "vitality" question measuring self-reported energy level with clinical outcomes.

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