Long-term Clinical Outcomes of Nonoperative Management with Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer in the Veterans Health Administration

Can appropriately selected locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients be successfully managed with a nonoperative approach following chemoradiation? In this study, patients with a clinical complete responses (cCR) following concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) had similar OS and DSS versus patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery (CRT+S) and had similar DSS versus CRT+S patients with a pCR. These data suggest that LARC patients with a cCR to CRT have an excellent prognosis and may be candidates for organ preservation.

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