Sensing Microbial Viability through Bacterial RNA Augments T Follicular Helper Cell and Antibody Responses

Live vaccines typically elicit augmented humoral responses, affording superior protection. Barbet et al. report that innate detection of bacterial RNA, a signature of microbial viability, directs a heightened Tfh cell response. This response is extrinsic to B cells and dendritic cells and involves CX3CR1+CCR2– monocyte instruction of Tfh differentiation via TRIF-dependent IFN-β licensing of bacterial RNA-driven inflammasome activation.

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