Background: The relationship between excess body weight and prostate cancer risk is unclear. However, some evidence suggests that waist circumference, which provides a measure of central adiposity, may be positively associated with more advanced stages or grades of prostate cancer.
Methods: The association between waist circumference and prostate cancer was investigated among 46,094 men enrolled in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort, of whom 5,711 were diagnosed with this cancer between 1997 and 2013. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we examined associations of weight circumference with total and high-grade prostate cancer incidence and with prostate cancer mortality.
Results: In both categorical and continuous analyses, waist circumference was not associated with total or high-grade (Gleason score ≥ 8) prostate cancer incidence or with prostate cancer mortality regardless of whether body mass index was adjusted for in the statistical model. Waist circumference was inversely associated with low-grade (Gleason score < 8) prostate cancer, but the association was not statistically significant after adjustment for body mass index.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that central adiposity, as measured by waist circumference, is not significantly associated with prostate cancer incidence or mortality.
Impact: Compared with men in other studies with significant results, men in our study were considerably older, suggesting that age may influence the association between waist circumference and prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(12); 1812–4. ©2017 AACR.
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