Efficacy and Safety of Digital Single-Operator Cholangioscopy for Difficult Biliary Stones

It is not clear whether digital single-operator cholangioscopy (D-SOC) with electrohydraulic and laser lithotripsy is effective in removal of difficult biliary stones. We investigated the safety and efficacy of D-SOC with electrohydraulic and laser lithotripsy in an international, multi-center study of patients with difficult biliary stones.

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