SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL STUDY OF POLYMERS FROM SOYBEAN, SUNFLOWER, AND GRAPE SEED MALEINATED OIL

Abstract

Biodegradable polymers and polymers synthesized from industrial wastes (glycerol) currently have a great appeal due to factors such as sustainability, economic viability, and environmental preservation. The aim of this study was to synthesize some polymers from different maleinated vegetable oils with glycerol. Simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis – differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to evaluate the thermal decomposition, thermal stability, dehydration, oxidation, glass transition, and crystallization processes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) were employed to elucidate reaction sites and polymeric structure.

Practical applications: The polymer synthesis of each vegetable oil was similar in time and process; however, the final product presented different physical characteristics. The results obtained by TGA-DTA and DSC data showed that these polymers had different thermal behaviors, which is related by different quantity of unsaturated fatty acids in each oil structure. Finally, the FTIR and ¹H-NMR analysis help to clarify the polymers structure and the reaction sites: hence, it was possible propose a reaction mechanism and the structure. The results indicate that the synthesis was effortless and use inexpensive reagents, such as vegetable oils, maleic anhydride, and glycerol. These polymers could be applied in the area of adhesives and waterproofing materials.

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