Associated ultrasonographic findings in fetuses with microcephaly due to suspected Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy

Abstract

Objective

To describe associated fetal ultrasonographic findings and outcome in a series of cases of fetal microcephaly associated with Zika virus infection.

Methods

Retrospective case series of microcephaly with definite (laboratory evidence) or highly probable (specific neuroimaging findings and negative laboratory results) maternal Zika virus infection. Microcephaly was graded as mild if the head circumference was between 2 and 3 standard deviation (SD) below the mean, and severe if 3 or more SD below the mean. Associated central nervous system (CNS) and extracranial malformations are described.

Results

19 singleton pregnancies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified. Severe microcephaly and mild microcephaly were identified in 14 and 5 fetuses, respectively. Additional CNS malformations were present in 17 cases and 7 had extracranial congenital anomalies. Symptoms were reported in 13/19 cases at a gestational age between 5 and 16 weeks. Mean (±SD) gestational age at ultrasound diagnosis was 32.3 ± 5.1 weeks. Amniocentesis was performed in 5 cases at a median gestational age of 31 weeks (range 28-38) and was positive for ZIKV RT-PCR in 2 cases. There were three neonatal deaths and one stillbirth.

Conclusion

In the presence of fetal microcephaly associated with Zika virus infection, CNS malformations are frequently detected.

http://ift.tt/2aSFfnp